Bosnia and Herzegovina is located in the western Balkans, bordering Croatia to the north and south-west, Serbia to the east, and Montenegro to the southeast. It lies between latitudes 42°and 46° N, and longitudes 15° and 20° E.
It is rare to find a country that offers such diverse beauty and harmony of limestone mountains, lush valleys, centuries-old forests, crystal clear rivers, and green mountain lakes. It is from these pristine areas that Bosnia and Herzegovina’s rich cultural heritage evolved. To understand Bosnia and Herzegovina one must have a keen sense of the immense geographical factors that have shaped this country since pre-historic times.
In a country that covers only 51,000 square meters it is no less than a phenomena that it hosts so many drastically various landscapes. From rugged Alpine peaks, dry and arid Mediterranean Herzegovina, the rolling green hills of central and northern Bosnia, to the vast flatlands of Semberija in the northeast along the river Sava this tiny place offers a more fascinating array of climates, cultures, vegetation, watersheds, and wildlife than any country in southeast Europe.
Overall, close to 50% of Bosnia and Herzegovina is forested. Most forest areas are in Central, Eastern and Western parts of Bosnia. Herzegovina has drier Mediterranean climate, with dominant karst topography.
The country also has 20 kilometers (12 miles) of coastline,around the town of Neum in the Herzegovina-Neretva Canton.
The major cities are the capital Sarajevo, Banja Luka in the northwest region known as Bosanska Krajina, Bijeljina and Tuzla in the northeast, Zenica and Doboj in the central part of Bosnia and Mostar, the capital of Herzegovina.
FACTS
- Population: 3.8 million
- Time zone: CET (UTC+1)
- Currency: KM (Convertible Mark) ; 1 EUR = 1,95 KM
- International country code: +387